Heritage Talk - Māori Gardening Systems in Tai Tokerau

Talk date: 29 August 2024.

Whakatō Te Kākano’ (to plant the seed) also refers to the early Polynesian period of settlement in Aotearoa. The Polynesian ancestors of the Māori brought with them long-established gardening traditions and techniques when they settled in New Zealand.

Dr James Robinson talked about the archaeological evidence of Māori gardening practices in New Zealand and how gardening techniques were adapted and used in Te Tai Tokerau.

Watch this talk on YouTube

Māori Gardening Systems in Tai Tokerau by Dr James Robinson.

Picture above of a rua kūmara - a kūmara storage pit. Credit: Peter Adds - Te Ara, The Encyclopedia of New Zealand.

About Dr James Robinson

Archaeologist, historian and archivist, James is a highly experienced landscape archaeologist who thrives on multidisciplinary approaches to recording history - especially working with tangata whenua (people of the land) partners to incorporate traditional knowledge into interpretations about the human settlement of the Pacific. He has a specific focus on Northland where he has worked for over 30 years.

Aotearoa New Zealand is the world's last significant landmass to be settled by humanity. Sometime around 1300AD, voyagers came from a Hawaiki (Polynesian homeland) made up of a cluster of island groups in Eastern Polynesia. James uses a wide range of resource material to study the unique culture that Māori developed here as tangata whenua and the later similarly unique Pakeha (European) society that developed in the 1800s, after the country was rediscovered by European explorers. He is interested in questions about what drove people to cross such vast distances and risk so much to make a new life in this strange new world.

James incorporates a variety of European sciences and history alongside traditional knowledge to recreate testable stories about the human settlement of the south Pacific. He tries to explain how and why such unique cultures developed in Aotearoa New Zealand.

His studies include:

• Surveying the complex reticulated taro gardens of the Puna K’eia region of Mangaia in the Southern Cook Islands of Eastern Polynesia
• Excavating an early Polynesian settlement site of Mangahawea Bay in the Bay of Islands, where the first colonisers to this country began their hikoi (journey) to become Māori.
• Mapping the abruptly abandoned classic (circa 1800AD) period Māori archaeological landscape of Tawhiti Rahi (the Poor Knights Islands) offshore from Northland as part of his doctoral research.
• Teasing out the 1860s gunfighter defences built on a much older traditional pa (hill fort) of Hungahungatoroa in the East Coast region.

James is based in Northland - one of the cradles for the development of Māori and Pakeha society. He is the Senior Archaeologist for Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga, the lead heritage government agency responsible for protecting archaeology.